Acidente com material biológico sob a ótica dos estudantes de Enfermagem: reflexões para o ensino / Accidents to biological risk from the point of view of Nursing students: reflections on teaching

Objetivo: identificar atividades de risco para acidentes com material biológico segundo estudantes de enfermagem e o conhecimento das medidas frente ao acidente, descrever frequência e perfil dos acidentes e identificar o atendimento pósexposição Metodologia: estudo transversal, com estudantes de enfermagem de uma instituição de ensino superior no Centro- Oeste, Brasil. Dados obtidos por questionário eletrônico e analisados por estatística descritiva. Resultados: Participaram 126 estudantes, maioria mulheres (96,0%) que referiu orientação prévia acerca do risco biológico. Nenhum citou todas medidas pósexposição recomendadas. Manusear perfurocortante (64,4%) foi o maior risco relatado e a exposição mucosa a causa de três dos quatro acidentes relatados. Desses, dois foram informados aos docentes e seguidas as condutas indicadas. Conclusão: A maioria dos estudantes reconheceu o risco no manuseio de perfurocortante. Três estudantes (2,4%) sofreram acidente (um relatou dois) e três em mucosa. Informar ao docente foi a conduta pós-exposição mais citada, sendo que entre acidentados as condutas mais seguras foram adotadas sob orientação do docente. (AU)

Objective: to identify risk activities for accidents with biological material in the opinion of nursing students and the knowledge of the measures against an accident, to describe the frequency and profile of the accidents and to identify the post-exposure care. Methodology: cross-sectional study with nursing students from a higher education institution in the Center-West of Brazil. Data obtained by electronic questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 126 students participated, most of them women (96.0%) who reported previous guidance on biological risk. None cited all recommended post-exposure measures. Handling sharps (64.4%) was the most reported risk behavior and mucosal exposure was the cause of three of the four reported accidents. Of these, two were informed to the teachers and followed the indicated behaviors. Conclusion: Most students recognize the risk in activities involving sharps, but few identify them in other activities involving body fluids. Three students (2.4%) suffered an accident (one reported two) and three in the mucosa. Informing the teacher was the most cited post-exposure behavior, and among the injured, the most secure behaviors were adopted under the guidance of the teacher. (AU)

Objetivo: identificar actividades de riesgo para accidentes con material biológico según estudiantes de enfermería y el conocimiento de las medidas frente al accidentes, describir frecuencia y perfil de los accidentes e identificar la atención post-exposición Metodología: estudio transversal, con estudiantes de enfermería en el Centro-Oeste, Brasil. Datos obtenidos por cuestionario electrónico y analizados por estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Participaron 126 estudiantes, mayoría mujeres, que han mencionado orientación previa sobre el riesgo biológico. Ninguno citó todas las medidas post-exposición recomendadas. El manejo de pinchazo fue el mayor riesgo reportado y la exposición mucosa a causa de tres de los cuatro accidentes reportados. De ellos, dos fueron informados a los docentes y seguidas las conductas indicadas. Conclusión: Tres estudiantes (2,4%) sufrieron accidente (uno relató dos) y tres en mucosa. El informe al docente fue la conducta post-exposición más citada, siendo que entre accidentados las conductas más seguras fueron adoptadas bajo orientación del docente. (AU)

Accidents with biologic material in health services among persons with no presumed risk.

This study identified persons without presumed risk (PWPR) involved in accidents with blood and body fluids in 2 health care facilities between 1989 and 2012 in a state in Central Brazil. There were 181 accidents that occurred with PWPR, predominantly among women. Accidents with blood and body fluids involved needle and blood, some performed by untrained personnel. Most prematurely terminated clinical and laboratory monitoring. Accidents with blood and body fluids occur under similar circumstances to health care workers.

Atenção ao climatério realizada por profissionais da estratégia saúde da família / Care by family health strategy personnel during the climacteric / Atención al climaterio realizada por profesionales de la estrategia salud de la familia

Introdução: o climatério representa um período de alterações físicas, psíquicas e emocionais que impactam na qualidade de vida feminina e demanda preparo para a integralidade da assistência. Objetivo: analisar o perfil dos profissionais, conhecimento, dificuldades e atividades realizadas na atenção à mulher climatérica na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Método: estudo descritivo, transversal com profissionais de saúde de nível superior da ESF de um Distrito Sanitário de Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil, em 2013. Participaram 57 profissionais. Resultados: a maioria (80,8%) dos enfermeiros definiu climatério e menopausa corretamente, com menor taxa de acerto entre os outros profissionais. Deficiências na qualificação profissional foram citadas por 43,9% dos participantes. A maioria (70,2%) referiu realizar orientações em consultório e citaram ausência de atividades educativas multidisciplinares. Conclusão: é preciso fortalecer estratégias de educação permanente e intervenções direcionadas à integralidade da assistência.

Introduction: the climacteric is a period of physical, psychological, and emotional changes that impact women's quality of life, and requires preparation for comprehensive care. Objective: to analyze the profile of Family Health Strategy (FHS) personnel, their skills, difficulties, and actions performed in care provided to climacteric women. Method: this is a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The participants were 57 university graduate healthcare professionals working in the FHS in the Goiania health district, Goias State, Brazil, in 2013. Results: the climacteric and menopausal periods were correctly defined by 80.8% of nurses, with a lower success rate among other personnel. Deficiencies in professional training were cited by 43.9% of participants. The majority (70.2%) reported giving guidance in the consulting room, and cited a lack of multidisciplinary educational activities. Conclusion: continuing professional development strategies need to be reinforced, as do direct interventions to assure comprehensive care.

Introducción: el climaterio representa un período de cambios físicos, psíquicos y emocionales que afectan la calidad de vida de las mujeres y que demandan una preparación para una atención integral. Objetivo: analizar el perfil de los profesionales, conocimiento, dificultades y actividades realizadas en la atención a la mujer en climaterio en la Estrategia de Salud Familiar (ESF). Método: estudio descriptivo, transversal, con profesionales de la salud de nivel terciario de la ESF de un Distrito Sanitario de Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil, en 2013. Cincuenta y siete profesionales han participado del estudio. Resultados: el 80,8% de los enfermeros ha definido correctamente climaterio y menopausia; entre los otros profesionales se vio una menor proporción de aciertos. Un 43,9% de los participantes ha mencionado deficiencias en la calificación. La mayoría (70,2%) informó realizar orientaciones en el consultorio y mencionó la falta de actividades educadoras multidisciplinarias. Conclusión: es necesario fortalecer las estrategias de educación permanente y las intervenciones dirigidas a la integralidad de la atención.

Biological risk among hospital housekeepers.

Although not directly responsible for patient care, hospital housekeepers are still susceptible to accidents with biological material. The objectives of this study were to establish profile and frequency of accidents among hospital housekeepers, describe behaviors pre- and postaccident, and risk factors. This was a cross-sectional study with hospital housekeepers in Goiania, Brazil. Data were obtained from interviews and vaccination records. The observations were as follows: (1) participating workers: 94.3%; (2) incomplete hepatitis B vaccination: 1 in 3; and (3) accident rate: 26.5%, mostly percutaneous with hypodermic needles, and involved blood from an unknown source; roughly half occurred during waste management. Upon review, length of service less than 5 years, completed hepatitis B vaccination, and had been tested for anti-HBs (hepatitis B surface antigen) influenced frequency of accidents. These findings suggest that improper disposal of waste appears to enhance the risk to hospital housekeepers. All hospital workers should receive continued training with regard to waste management.

Hospital housekeepers: Victims of ineffective hospital waste management.

Improper waste management exposes hospital housekeepers to biological risk. The objectives of this study were to identify the frequency and profile of exposure incidents, classify the role of sharps waste, and compare the first and last occurrences for hospital housekeepers with multiple exposure incidents. A retrospective epidemiological study using Brazilian records from 1989 to 2012 was conducted. Data analyzed included hospital treatment records and the state notification database. Probabilistic linkage was performed using LinkPlus and data analysis using SPSS. There were 996 (11.6%) injuries, with 57 (6.1%) workers reporting multiple occurrences, for a total of 938 workers. These were primarily needlestick injuries (98.5%), involving blood (85.6%), caused by hypodermic needles (75.1%), and improper sharps disposal (70.8%). The number of workers completing vaccination after their first injury and before their last injury was statistically significant. Additional efforts to prevent and manage exposure incidents are needed.